As an impact of COVID-19, the Pakistan fruits and vegetables market suffered from a few of the challenges related to Production, supply chain, and trade movement. Farmers got hard hit with poor returns varying from one-third the usual or a complete loss. Pakistan is one of the leading countries to export a variety of its fruits produce worldwide faces export challenges that hampered the usual trade movements due to repeated lockdown and related trade restriction protocols worldwide.

According to FAO, Fruits production accounted for 9.0 million tons in 2018. Mangoes with the highest production of 2.3 million metric tons followed by oranges with the production of 1.5 million metric tons. Similarly, vegetable production accounts for 5.4 million tons where 40% of production is only attributed to onions with 2.1 million tons of production followed by tomatoes, carrots, and turnip.

According to the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, Pakistan exported 768,200.0 metric tons of fruit worth of USD 415.0 million in 2018. Different climates result in the availability of many vegetable varieties in the markets around the year. Around 35 kinds of vegetables are grown in numerous eco-systems in Pakistan from the dry zone to the wet zone, low elevation to high elevation, rain fed to irrigated and low input to high input systems such as plastic houses.

Key Market Trends

Increasing Production of Fruits and Vegetables

In 2019, Pakistan had a total cropped area of 22.1 million hectares. Out of this 65.8% were under food crops, 24.2% under cash crops, 6.7% under pulses, and 3.3% under edible oilseeds. Vegetables constitute an integral component of the cropping pattern but the increasing pressure on food and cash crops has limited the area under vegetables to about 0.62 million hectares, which is 3.1% of the total cropped area. Pakistan has a wide range of agro-climatic conditions which is allowing the country to produce a wide variety of tropical and sub-tropical fruits and vegetables.

Some of the major fruits and vegetables produced are mangoes, oranges, apples, onions, tomatoes, carrots, and watermelons among others. Onions, carrots, and tomatoes together make up around 49% of the gross vegetable production in Pakistan. Out of the total production, the major contributing states for producing vegetables like potato, onion, and tomatoes are Punjab, Sindh, and Baluchistan. Other vegetables like mushrooms, garlic, and chilly are also produced on a larger scale for export purposes.

Vegetables Import Leads the Market in Terms of Revenue

According to the International Trade Centre, Vegetable import dominates the Pakistan market compared to Fruits import. Australia, Afghanistan, Russia, Canada and Vietnam are the major exporters of Vegetables to Pakistan. Vegetables like potatoes, tomatoes, onions, shallots, garlic, leeks, cabbage, cauliflower, kohlrabi, kale, lettuce, chicory, carrots, turnips, cucumbers, gherkins, coconuts are majorly imported in Pakistan. The growing domestic demand for vegetables is driving vegetable import in the country.

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